Histories过去的事 9781853264665 下载 网盘 kindle mobi 115盘 pdf pdb rtf

Herodotus (c480-c425) is 'The Father of History' and his Histories are the first piece of Western historical writing. They are also the most entertaining. Why did Pheidippides run the 26 miles and 385 yards (or 42.195 kilometres) from Marathon to Athens? And what did he do when he got there? Was the Battle of Salamis fought between sausage-sellers? Which is the oldest language in the world? Why did Leonidas and his 300 Spartans spend the morning before the battle of Thermopylae combing their hair? Why did every Babylonian woman have to sit in the Temple of Aphrodite until a man threw a coin into her lap, and how long was she likely to sit there? And what is the best way to kill a crocodile? This wide-ranging history provides the answers to all these fascinating questions as well as providing many fascinating insights into the Ancient World.

BOOK ONE(CLIO)

Chapter Causes of the war between Greece and Persia-Mythic

　Causes of the war between Greece and Persia-Historic-Aggressions of Croesus-Previous Lydian History

Conquests of Croesus

Visit of Solon to the court of Croseus

Story of Adrastus and Atys

Preparations of Croesus against Cyrus-Consultaion of the oracles

Croesus seeks a Greek alliance-Hellenes and Pelasgi

State of Athens under Pisistratus

Early Hisroty of Sparta

Alliance of Croesus with Sparta

Croesus warmed

Croesus invades Cappadocia His war with Cyrus

Danger and deliverance of Croesus

His advice to Cyrus

His message to the Delphic oracle

His offerings

Wonders of Lydia

Manners and customs of the Lydians

History of Cyrus-Old Assyrian Empire-Revolt of Media

Early Median History

Birth and bringing-up of Cyrus

Incitements to revolt

Cyrus sounds the feelings of the Persians-their Ten Tribes

Revolt and struggle

Customs of the Persians

Cyrus threatens the Ionian Greeks

Account of the Greek settlements in Asia

……

BOOK TWO(EUTERPE)

BOOK THREE THALIA

BOOK FOUR MELPOMENE

BOOK FIVE TERPSICHORE

BOOK SIX ERATO

BOOK SEVEN POLHYMNIA

BOOKEIGHT URANIA

BOOK NINE CALLIOPE

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阿玛西斯回答他们说：“要知道，有弓的人只有在需要的时候才拉开的；如果弓老是拉着，它们就会损坏，而等人们需要它的时候，它已经没有用处了。人的道理也和这个道理一样。如果他们总是从事严肃的工作，而不把一部分的时间用来消遣，他们在他们不知不觉之中便会疯狂起来或是变成傻子。这一点我知道得很清楚，因此我轮流着分配这二者的时间。”

一个人在其悠长的一生中，必然会看到也会体验到许许多多他自无法抉择的东西。在我看来，一个人活到70岁就算达到生命极限了。在这70年间，如果不算闰月，共有25200天。如果每隔一年再加上一个月，就像季节那样准时轮回，那么，除70年以外，还要有35个这样的闰月，这样就得再加上1050天。这样70年的总天数就是26250天；然而可以说没有哪一天发生的事情是和另一天的事情完全相同的。这样看来，人间的万事真是完全无法预料的。至于国王你，克洛伊索斯，我知道你富甲天下，并且统治着诸多民族；然而就你所提的问题而言，只有在我听到你幸福地结東了你的一生的时候，才能够给你答案。毫无疑问，一个人纵然家产万贯，但除非好运眷顾他，他的所有财富一直享用到生命的终点，否则他还不能说是比那些仅能维持日常生活的普通人更幸福的。因为许多最富有的人是常常会遭遇不幸的，而许多只拥有中等财产的人却经常交好运。前一个阶层的人和后一个阶层相比，只是在两个方面胜过后者；但后一个阶层的人却在许多方面胜过前者。有的人更有能力来满足他自己的欲望，也更有能力承受不幸的突然打击。中等财产的人抗击灾难和满足自己欲望的能力当然要差些，然而他的幸运却使这些灾难不会降临到他们身上。此外，他还会享有这样的一些幸福：四肢健全，很少生病，远离不幸，容光焕发，儿女优秀。如果在这一切之外，他又得以善终的话，这便是你真正要寻求的人，这样的人也完全称得上是幸福的人了。然而，这样的人，直到他去世以前，都不能称得上是幸福的人，而只能称他为幸运的人。

因为先前强大的邦国，现在大都变得弱小了；而如今强大的邦国，在先前却是弱小的。我之所以要对大邦小国同样地加以论述，是因为我相信，人类的幸福从来不会长久驻留于一个地方。

其所以要发表这些研究，是为了保存人类过去的所作所为，使之不至于随时光流逝而被人淡忘，为了使希腊人和异族人的那些值得赞叹的丰功伟绩不致失去其应有的荣光，特别是为了把他们互相争斗的原因记载下来。

因为先前强大的邦国，现在大都变得弱小了；而如今强大的邦国，在先前却是弱小的。我之所以要对大邦小国同样地加以论述，是因为我相信，人类的幸福从来不会长久驻留于一个地方。

你询问的这些事是涉及人的命运的一个问题，我知道上苍是非常爱嫉妒的，并且是很喜欢干扰人类的命运的。一个人在其悠长的一生中，必然会看到也会体验到许许多多他自己无法抉择的东西。……然而可以说没有哪一天发生的事情是和另一天的事情完全相同的。这样看来，人间的万事真是完全无法预料的。至于国王你，克洛伊索斯，我知道你富甲天下，并且统治着诸多民族；然而就你所提的问题而言。只有在我听到你幸福的结束你的一生的时候，才能够给你答案。毫无疑问，一个人纵然家产万贯，但除非好运眷顾他，他的所有财富一直享用到生命的终点，否则他还不能说是比那些仅能维持日常生活的普通人更幸福的。因为许多最富有的人是常常会遭遇不幸的，而许多只拥有中等财产的人却经常交好运。……无论是什么事，我们都必须认真关注它的最后结果。因为神袛常常给人一个幸福的幻影，随后就把他推向毁灭的深渊。

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Herodotus (c480-c425) is 'The Father of History' and his Histories are the first piece of Western historical writing. They are also the most entertaining. Why did Pheidippides run the 26 miles and 385 yards (or 42.195 kilometres) from Marathon to Athens? And what did he do when he got there? Was the Battle of Salamis fought between sausage-sellers? Which is the oldest language in the world? Why did Leonidas and his 300 Spartans spend the morning before the battle of Thermopylae combing their hair? Why did every Babylonian woman have to sit in the Temple of Aphrodite until a man threw a coin into her lap, and how long was she likely to sit there? And what is the best way to kill a crocodile? This wide-ranging history provides the answers to all these fascinating questions as well as providing many fascinating insights into the Ancient World.